What Is Data Leakage? How to Prevent Data Breaches in Businesses

In today’s fast-evolving digital age, where cloud services are rapidly advancing, data plays an increasingly critical role. Data provides powerful insights that enable businesses to make informed decisions, understand customer behavior, anticipate future trends, and conduct robust competitive analysis. It is now regarded as the key to innovation and sustainable growth. So, what should be done when a data leak occurs? To explore the issue in depth, continue reading for answers to questions such as what is a data leak, why does it happen, how can it be prevented, and what advanced data protection solutions are available.

In the organizations we work with, we interact with countless data points every day—customer phone numbers, email addresses, names, purchase histories, credit card details, satisfaction surveys, product inventory, warehouse data, supply orders, employee salaries, financial statements, market research reports... All of this data must remain accessible only to authorized parties. If exposed to unauthorized individuals, it can lead to irreversible damage for the business. As digital transformation accelerates, cybersecurity vulnerabilities, outdated systems, and lack of employee awareness have increasingly paved the way for data leaks. So, what is a data leak? A data leak occurs when sensitive, confidential, or protected information belonging to a business is accessed, disclosed, or used by unauthorized parties. These incidents can originate from internal systems, employees, or third parties. Data leaks are typically caused by human error, cyberattacks, or intentional misconduct.

Examples of Data Leaks

• Human Error: When an employee forwards information from their corporate account to a personal email address, the data that reaches unauthorized recipients is considered leaked. This may occur either unintentionally or deliberately.
• Phishing: A hacker tricks an employee with a fake email and gains access to their login credentials, ultimately breaching the company’s customer database. This method is especially effective against weakly protected accounts.
• Poor Encryption: A business using outdated encryption standards may have its database compromised by a hacker, exposing sensitive customer credit card information.
• Insider Threats: Not everyone in the workplace operates with good intentions. A disgruntled employee, feeling undervalued or resentful, may copy proprietary information and sell it to a competitor before leaving the company.
• Device Theft: If a company laptop is stolen and its data is not encrypted, the information becomes easily accessible—resulting in a data leak through resource theft.

Database and System Updates

Among the top data leak prevention strategies is regularly updating systems. Outdated systems are highly vulnerable to cyberattacks and may open the door to data breaches. Security patches and system updates significantly reduce these risks. In such cases, cyber recovery solutions may also be considered.

Cybersecurity Awareness Training

Raising employee awareness around cybersecurity is another critical step in preventing data leaks. By educating staff on phishing attacks, suspicious email links, and safe file sharing practices, businesses can cultivate a more secure workplace environment.

Strong Password Policies

Weak passwords are one of the most common causes of data leaks. Organizations should enforce the use of complex passwords among employees and encourage regular password changes. Implementing additional security layers such as two-factor authentication will also be effective.

Access Control

Another major cause of data leaks is unrestricted access to sensitive information. Access control protocols should clearly define who can access what data, when, and how. Role-based access policies, for example, can help restrict data access based on user responsibilities.

• Data Loss Prevention (DLP) Technologies: DLP is a high-level solution for preventing large-scale data leaks. It identifies sensitive data and prevents it from being shared with unauthorized parties. For instance, if an employee attempts to send confidential information via email, the DLP system can detect and block the transmission.
• Reliable Cloud Backup Solutions: Another effective countermeasure is the use of cloud-based Backup as a Service or Disaster Recovery as a Service services. Trusted cloud providers regularly back up your business’s data and protect it against cyberattacks, natural disasters, or system failures. This enables rapid recovery of lost data when needed.
• Encryption Techniques: One of the most essential methods to protect data is encryption. Advanced encryption ensures that sensitive information is only readable by authorized users. Especially for financial data and customer records, end-to-end encryption offers a strong line of defense.

You may also be interested in our blog article titled Measures for Data Privacy and Security.